欧盟晶片法草案获通过 要求与台展开“晶片外交”

方泠卉
2023-01-25
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欧洲议会产业暨能源委员会1月24日以压倒性的67票赞成、1票反对,表决通过欧盟晶片法草案及议会各党团提出的修正案。(Photo by Slejven Djurakovic on Unsplash)

欧洲议会产业暨能源委员会24日投票通过欧盟晶片法,其中一条罕见的修正案,要求欧盟展开“晶片外交”,与台、美、日、韩等战略性伙伴合作,以确保供应链安全。

中央社报导,欧洲议会产业暨能源委员会(Industry and Energy Committee)24日以压倒性的67票赞成、1票反对,表决通过欧盟晶片法草案及议会各党团提出的修正案。法条内容中提及关于与第3国合作的条文,值得注意。

草案第7条指出,由于半导体供应链的全球化特性,与第3国合作是欧盟寻求半导体生态系韧性的重要条件,因此执委会应在欧洲半导体委员会(European Semiconductor Board)的协助下,与第3国建立伙伴关系。

多名议员都针对该条提出类似修正案,将“第3国合作”明确纳入台湾。熟悉欧洲议会运作的外交官表示,直接纳入台湾的欧盟法案相当罕见。

产业暨能源委员会通过的修正条文整合版本增列第7条a款,规定:“执委会代表欧盟,应寻求与理念相近的战略伙伴合作,例如拥有半导体产业优势的美国、日本、韩国及台湾,透过‘晶片外交倡议’以强化供应安全、因应断链,并涵盖晶片原料及第3国出口管制等领域的对话协调。”

该条款要求欧盟建立晶片外交机制,并与合作伙伴建立投资和贸易协定或其他外交措施,以强化交往关系来确保晶片安全。

今次通过晶片法草案及修正案的下一步是,欧洲议会2月13至16日在史特拉斯堡的全体大会期间进行党团协商。届时若无提案要求交付全体表决,议会将把整套法案交予角色类似“上议院”的欧盟理事会(Council of the European Union),即会员国代表们,进行协商,两机构取得共识后才会完成立法。

全球半导体供应短缺情况仍未纾解,富豪汽车(Volvo)在比利时根特(Ghent)的工厂,20日宣布因晶片短缺停工一周。欧美等政府近年已将晶片视为重要战略物资,纷纷提出法案追求供应链自主。

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